Exploring the Qur’anic Chronology of Creation reveals a profound perspective on how our universe transformed from a single point into the complex world we live in today. While modern science focuses on the "how," the Qur’an describes creation in meaningful stages that highlight the purpose behind the heavens and the earth. This layered journey moves from the initial act of creation to the detailed shaping of the stars, planets, and life, finally culminating in the appearance of human beings. In this article, we break down these stages to show how the Qur’an presents a beautifully coherent and purposeful vision of the universe. 1. Chronology of Creation Allah Almighty says in Surah Fussilat: 9. قُلْ أَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَكْفُرُونَ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَ الْأَرْضَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَتَجْعَلُونَ لَهُۥ أَندَادًا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ 10. وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ مِنْ فَوْقِهَا وَبَارَكَ فِيهَا وَقَدَّرَ فِيهَا أَقْوَاتَهَا فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَيَّامٍ سَوَىٰ لِلسَّائِلِينَ 11. ثُمَ...
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Federal Budget 2025–26 Highlights
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By
Sajid Mahmood Ansari
In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.
Here’s a detailed summary of Pakistan’s Federal Budget 2025–26, presented in the National Assembly on 10 June 2025 by Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb:
Benazir Income Support Programme: ₨ 716 billion (+21 %) (brecorder.com).
Health & IT:
Healthcare: ₨ 32 billion .
IT exports goal: US$25 billion over five years; remittances projected at US$38 billion (arabnews.com).
8. Sector-Specific & Structural Reforms
Agriculture & SMEs: Continued support with focus on SMEs and industrial growth .
Energy sector: Ongoing WAPDA restructuring; energy tariff adjustments persist (en.wikipedia.org).
Infrastructure: ₨ 328 billion of PSDP for transport; Cholistan Canal project continues (en.wikipedia.org).
Here is a visual chart of the Pakistan Federal Budget 2025–26 key sectoral allocations in PKR Billion.
9. Context & Drivers
IMF programme: Part of a broader recovery strategy under a US$7 billion IMF bailout; budget aligns with fiscal consolidation conditions (ft.com).
Regional security: Defence rise reflecting recent military confrontations with India (ft.com).
Market reaction: Mixed—some see positives in discipline and tech focus, others concerned by heavy defence bias and cuts in public services .
In Summary
Pakistan’s 2025–26 federal budget charts a course toward fiscal consolidation by cutting overall spending but sharply increasing defence outlays. It includes meaningful tax reforms, relief for the salaried middle class, and significant investment in infrastructure and social programmes—all framed within the constraints of IMF conditions and heightened geopolitical tensions.
Here is the Federal Budget 2025–26 of Pakistan summarized in tabular form for clarity:
Category
Details
Total Outlay
₨ 17.57 trillion (↓ 7% from previous year)
Fiscal Deficit Target
3.9% of GDP
Primary Surplus Target
2.4% of GDP
Projected GDP Growth
4.2%
Inflation Projection
7.5%
Revenue & Taxation
Item
Details
FBR Tax Revenue Target
₨ 14.13 trillion (↑ 18.7%)
Non-Tax Revenue
₨ 5.15 trillion
Tax-to-GDP Ratio
Targeted at 14%
Key Tax Reforms
Digital FBR (e-audits, e-invoicing), fraud prevention (~₨ 22 billion saved)
Salaried Class Relief
Income Range
Old Rate
New Rate
₨ 600,000 – 1.2 million
5%
2.5%
₨ up to 2.2 million
15%
11%
₨ 2.2 – 3.2 million
25%
23%
Super Tax on High-income surcharge
1%
0.5%
Major Expenditures
Sector
Allocation
Defence
₨ 2.55 trillion (↑ 18–20%)
Interest Payments
₨ 8.21 trillion (↓ 8%)
Pensions
₨ 1.05 trillion
Subsidies (energy, agri, etc.)
₨ 1.19 trillion
Public Sector Development (PSDP)
₨ 1 trillion (₨ 328B for transport)
Benazir Income Support (BISP)
₨ 716 billion (↑ 21%)
Higher Education Commission
₨ 39.5 billion
Healthcare
₨ 32 billion
Science & Tech
₨ 4.8 billion
Sectoral & Structural Reforms
Focus Areas
Details
Energy Sector
WAPDA restructuring, tariff adjustments
Agriculture & SMEs
Enhanced financing, productivity tools, rural income support
IT Sector
US$25 billion exports goal in 5 years; emphasis on digital economy
Remittances
Projected at US$38 billion
Contextual Factors
Item
Details
IMF Program Alignment
Part of IMF-supported reform (US$7 billion bailout)
Regional Security
Defence rise linked to recent Indo-Pak tensions
Market Reaction
Mixed: disciplined fiscal stance welcomed, concern over defence prioritization
Exploring the Qur’anic Chronology of Creation reveals a profound perspective on how our universe transformed from a single point into the complex world we live in today. While modern science focuses on the "how," the Qur’an describes creation in meaningful stages that highlight the purpose behind the heavens and the earth. This layered journey moves from the initial act of creation to the detailed shaping of the stars, planets, and life, finally culminating in the appearance of human beings. In this article, we break down these stages to show how the Qur’an presents a beautifully coherent and purposeful vision of the universe. 1. Chronology of Creation Allah Almighty says in Surah Fussilat: 9. قُلْ أَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَكْفُرُونَ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَ الْأَرْضَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَتَجْعَلُونَ لَهُۥ أَندَادًا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ 10. وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ مِنْ فَوْقِهَا وَبَارَكَ فِيهَا وَقَدَّرَ فِيهَا أَقْوَاتَهَا فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَيَّامٍ سَوَىٰ لِلسَّائِلِينَ 11. ثُمَ...
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