Islamic Scientific Schools

In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The Qur’an, in Surah Al-Kahf (18:83-98), narrates the story of  Dhul-Qarnayn , a figure often described as a righteous and just ruler who embarked on various significant journeys. Among his travels, there is a particularly intriguing account of his reaching a land where there was no barrier to screen the sun. This description has generated diverse interpretations among scholars and commentators. One compelling interpretation suggests that this journey might refer to a region experiencing the phenomenon of the midnight sun, particularly near the Arctic Circle. Dhul-Qarnayn in the Qur’an Dhul-Qarnayn, which translates to “the one with two horns” or “the one of two epochs,” is a figure enveloped in mystery and reverence in Islamic tradition. The Qur’an recounts his travels and encounters with different peoples and unique natural phenomena. In Surah Al-Kahf, the narrative details: “They ask you about Dhul-Qarnayn. Say, ‘I w...

In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The solar cycle, also known as the sunspot cycle, is an approximately 11-year cycle in which the Sun's magnetic activity fluctuates between periods of high and low solar activity. Overview The solar cycle, also known as the sunspot cycle, is an approximately 11-year cycle in which the Sun’s magnetic activity fluctuates between periods of high and low solar activity. This cycle has profound effects on space weather, influencing phenomena such as sunspots, solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and the solar wind. Understanding the solar cycle is crucial for comprehending the Sun’s behavior and its impact on the Solar System. Phases of the Solar Cycle Solar Minimum : Characteristics : During solar minimum, the Sun exhibits minimal magnetic activity. The number of sunspots, which are dark, cooler areas on the Sun’s surface caused by magnetic field concentrations, is at its lowest. Impacts : This period is characteriz...