In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.
Here’s a comparative fact sheet about each of the seven continents based on various aspects such as size, population, highest point, and notable features:
1. Africa
Aspect
Fact
Size
Second largest continent, about 30.37 million sq km (11.7 million sq mi)
Population
Approximately 1.3 billion people
Highest Point
Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, 5,895 meters (19,341 feet)
Notable Features
Sahara Desert (largest hot desert), Nile River (longest river), diverse wildlife including the Big Five
2. Antarctica
Aspect
Fact
Size
Fifth largest continent, about 14 million sq km (5.4 million sq mi)
Population
No permanent population, only researchers
Highest Point
Mount Vinson, 4,892 meters (16,050 feet)
Notable Features
Polar ice cap (largest on Earth), penguins, scientific research stations
3. Asia
Aspect
Fact
Size
Largest continent, about 44.58 million sq km (17.2 million sq mi)
Population
Approximately 4.6 billion people
Highest Point
Mount Everest on the Nepal-China border, 8,848 meters (29,029 feet)
Notable Features
Himalayas (highest mountain range), Gobi Desert, Great Wall of China
4. Europe
Aspect
Fact
Size
Sixth smallest continent, about 10.18 million sq km (3.93 million sq mi)
Population
Approximately 747 million people
Highest Point
Mount Elbrus in Russia, 5,642 meters (18,510 feet)
In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The Qur’an provides insights into the origins of human civilization, particularly through the narrative of Prophet Noah (Nuh, عليه السلام) and the Great Flood. According to Surah Hud (11:44) , after the floodwaters receded, Noah’s Ark came to rest on Mount al-Judi , which is located in Upper Al-Jazirah , near the foothills of the Taurus Mountains in modern-day southeastern Turkey and northern Iraq. This region, often identified as Mesopotamia , has historically been regarded as one of the earliest centers of human settlement and civilization. Al-Jazirah in the Context of the Qur’an Al-Jazirah, meaning “The Island” in Arabic, refers to the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers . This area, covering parts of modern Iraq, Syria, and Turkey , is known for its fertile soil, abundant water resources, and strategic location , making it an ideal place for the emergence of ...
In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. 1. Introduction The Islamic system of governance is neither a theocracy run by priests nor a secular democracy founded upon popular sovereignty. It is a moral–legal system rooted in the sovereignty of Allah ( ḥākimiyyat-e-Ilāhiyyah ) , where human authority operates as a trust ( amānah) to implement divine law and uphold justice. The Qur’an declares: “The command (ḥukm) belongs to none but Allah.” (Yūsuf 12:40) This verse establishes that ultimate authority to legislate belongs to God alone. The human ruler, called Imām or Khalīfah , is therefore not sovereign in his own right but an executor of the divine will through the Sharī‘ah . 2. The Foundational Principle: Sovereignty of Allah The foundation of the Islamic polity rests on the recognition that Allah alone is the Lawgiver and Sovereign . The Qur’an states: “It is not for a believing man...
In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The Qur’an did not present mathematics as a formal or technical discipline in the way later scholars would define it; rather, it subtly reoriented human cognition toward quantification, proportionality, and precise measurement . Through its repeated emphasis on counting, fractions, multiples of ten, and the careful measurement of time, wealth, and obligations, the Qur’an trained the human mind to think in structured, measurable, and verifiable terms . Concepts such as inheritance shares, zakāh calculations, and ritual durations required accurate division, addition, and proportional reasoning, effectively making arithmetic a practical necessity in daily life. This cognitive framework created a fertile environment in which applied mathematics could flourish, as humans were already habituated to reason in numbers, ratios, and totals. By embedding numeracy into law, commerce, and ritual, the Qur’an not on...
In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Pakistan’s Strategic Canals Project, aimed at diverting water from the Jhelum and Chenab rivers into the Cholistan region, has sparked an ongoing canal conflict —not merely between provinces but between competing visions of national development and federal equity. At the heart of this complex issue is the challenge of how to expand agricultural productivity in barren regions like Cholistan while ensuring fair and sustainable water distribution among the country’s riparian provinces, particularly Sindh, which lies downstream on the Indus River System. The Strategic Canals Project: A National Vision Supporters of the project argue that the Strategic Canals Plan is not a unilateral initiative of Punjab, but a nationally approved and endorsed program aimed at revitalizing Pakistan’s agricultural sector. President Asif Ali Zardari, among others, has backed the initiative as part of a broader strategy to ensure food se...
In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Abstract This paper presents an empirical validation of a star‑anchored (sidereal) Muslim Horoscope system and the Universal Hijri Calendar (UHC) through repeatable astronomical tests. Using Metonic-cycle recurrences, heliacal star phenomena, and modern sidereal longitudes of key stellar anchors (notably Al‑Thurayyā / the Pleiades), we demonstrate that both systems converge on the same physical sky reality without reliance on tropical conventions. The results show simultaneous coherence between lunar mansions (manāzil al‑qamar), Hijri date structure, and observed stellar behavior, affirming the classical Islamic astronomical framework as empirically grounded. 1. Introduction Islamic astronomical practice historically integrated observation (ruʾyah), cyclic reckoning, and stellar anchoring. Over time, confusion arose due to the conflation of tropical zodiacal frameworks with sidereal stellar systems. T...
In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The 2025 ten-year U.S.–India Defence Framework was announced following a bilateral meeting between U.S. Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth and Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh in Kuala Lumpur . The venue and the ministerial-level representation indicate that the pact was the outcome of structured, institutional diplomacy rather than a sudden geopolitical maneuver. The level of the participating ranks —defence ministers rather than heads of state or government—underscores that the agreement is formal, procedural, and evolutionary in nature , not an outbreaking or revolutionary realignment. ( BBC ) This signals that both sides view the framework as a continuation and consolidation of ongoing cooperation rather than the launch of a new strategic alliance. It reflects bureaucratic maturity within the defence establishments of both countries, translating years of accumulated ...
In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Is Mercy-Killing Allowed in Islam? Euthanasia is the act of intentionally ending the life of a person who is suffering from a terminal illness or unbearable pain, often through the administration of lethal drugs. It is also referred to as assisted dying or mercy killing. Euthanasia can be voluntary, where the person who wishes to die makes a conscious decision to end their life, or non-voluntary, where a decision is made on behalf of a person who is unable to express their wishes, such as a person in a coma or with severe dementia. Euthanasia is a controversial and heavily debated issue, with arguments for and against its legalization and use. Let me explain: Is Mercy-Killing Allowed in Islam? Euthanasia, or intentionally ending the life of a person who is suffering from a terminal illness or unbearable pain, is not allowed in Islam. Islamic teachings consider human life to be sacred, and the taking of a life, whether ...
In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Outline Introduction Historical Context of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy Pakistan’s balancing tradition Relations with Iran, the United States, Saudi Arabia, China, and the Muslim world America-Iran War 2026: Regional and Global Implications Causes of the conflict Strategic consequences for the Middle East Threats to global peace and economy Pakistan’s Strategic Position Geographical significance Military credibility Diplomatic neutrality Islamic legitimacy Why Pakistan is Being Compared to Switzerland Neutrality Mediation Peace diplomacy Strategic trust Pakistan’s Diplomatic Contributions During the Crisis Hosting peace negotiations Facilitating ceasefires Preventing sectarian escalation Balancing rival powers Opportunities for Pakistan Diplomatic prestige Economic corridors Gwadar and trade routes Leadership in the Muslim world Challenges and Constraints Political instability Economic vulnerabilities Sectarian pressures Exter...
