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The Natural Laws Manifest Divine Programming

By Sajid Mahmood Ansari
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In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The Natural Laws Manifest Divine Programming Introduction Modern science is built upon one of the most remarkable assumptions about reality: the universe is intelligible because it operates according to consistent laws . Gravity behaves according to recognizable mathematical relationships; electromagnetic phenomena follow precise rules; matter interacts according to reproducible physical and chemical principles; biological organisms function through extraordinarily complex systems; and celestial bodies move according to predictable patterns. Science does not create these laws. It discovers, describes, and mathematically formulates the regularities already present in nature. This raises a deeper philosophical question: Why does the universe possess laws at all? Why is nature orderly, measurable, mathematically intelligible, and sufficiently stable for rational beings to discover its structure? From the Islamic perspective, t...

تعارف سورۃ الفاتحہ

By Sajid Mahmood Ansari
سورۃ الفاتحہ

سورۃ الفاتحہ

تعارف

سورۃ الفاتحہ مکی سورہ ہے، جو نزولِ قرآن کے بالکل آغاز میں نازل ہوئی۔ اسباب النزول کےمؤلف علامہ واحدی ؒ   کی روایت کے مطابق قوی احتمال یہ ہے کہ پہلی سورہ جو یک بارگی مکمل نازل ہوئی وہ سورۃ الفاتحہ ہے۔ترتیبِ مصحف کے اعتبار سے یہ قرآن کی پہلی سورہ ہے ۔لہٰذا اس سورہ کو قرآن کے دیباچے کی حیثیت حاصل ہے۔ الفاتحہ کا لغوی مطلب ہے کھولنے والی۔ چونکہ اسی سورہ سے مصحف ِقرآن اور قرآت ِ قرآن کی ابتدا ہوتی ہے،  اسی لیے اسے الفاتحہ کہا گیا ہے۔ قرآن و سنت میں اس سورہ کے بعض دیگر نام بھی مذکور ہیں جیسے اُمُّ الکتاب، اُمُّ ا لقرآن، السبع المثانی، الحمد وغیرہ

قرآن چونکہ کتابِ توحید ہے اس لیے اس کے دیباچہ میں ہی توحید کی تینوں اقسام (توحید ربوبیت، توحید عبودیت، توحید وصفیت) کا تعارف کرادیا گیا ہے۔ چونکہ نماز توحید الہی کے اعلان و اظہار کا نام ہے اس لیے یہی وہ سورہ ہے جو اہلِ اسلام ہر نماز کی ہر رکعت میں پڑھتے ہیں۔ اس سورہ کی آیات کا اندازِ بیان دعا جیسا رکھا گیا ہے اس لیے رسول اکرم ﷺ نے اسے پنج وقتہ عبادت کا جزوِ لازم بنا دیا ہے۔ جمہور علمائے امت کا اتفاق ہے کہ سورۃ الفاتحہ کی قرآت کے بغیر نماز نہیں ہوتی، امام مالک، امام شافعی، امام احمد بن حنبل، امام سفیان الثوری رحمہم اللہ کا مؤقف یہی ھے۔ البتہ امام ابو حنیفہ ؒ کا مؤقف یہ ہے کہ سورۃ الفاتحہ کی قرآت نماز میں فرض نہیں ہے بلکہ واجب ہے۔[1]


۔ موفق الدین ابن قدامہ الحنبلی ؒ، المغنی : ج ۲، ص ۱۴۶، دار عالم الکتب، ریاض[1]

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