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The Qur’anic Chronology of Creation

By Sajid Mahmood Ansari
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Exploring the Qur’anic Chronology of Creation reveals a profound perspective on how our universe transformed from a single point into the complex world we live in today. While modern science focuses on the "how," the Qur’an describes creation in meaningful stages that highlight the purpose behind the heavens and the earth. This layered journey moves from the initial act of creation to the detailed shaping of the stars, planets, and life, finally culminating in the appearance of human beings. In this article, we break down these stages to show how the Qur’an presents a beautifully coherent and purposeful vision of the universe. 1. Chronology of Creation Allah Almighty says in Surah Fussilat: 9.  قُلْ أَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَكْفُرُونَ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَ الْأَرْضَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَتَجْعَلُونَ لَهُۥ أَندَادًا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ 10.  وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ مِنْ فَوْقِهَا وَبَارَكَ فِيهَا وَقَدَّرَ فِيهَا أَقْوَاتَهَا فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَيَّامٍ سَوَىٰ لِلسَّائِلِينَ 11.  ثُمَ...

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In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.
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The Qur’anic Chronology of Creation

By Sajid Mahmood Ansari
Image
Exploring the Qur’anic Chronology of Creation reveals a profound perspective on how our universe transformed from a single point into the complex world we live in today. While modern science focuses on the "how," the Qur’an describes creation in meaningful stages that highlight the purpose behind the heavens and the earth. This layered journey moves from the initial act of creation to the detailed shaping of the stars, planets, and life, finally culminating in the appearance of human beings. In this article, we break down these stages to show how the Qur’an presents a beautifully coherent and purposeful vision of the universe. 1. Chronology of Creation Allah Almighty says in Surah Fussilat: 9.  قُلْ أَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَكْفُرُونَ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَ الْأَرْضَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَتَجْعَلُونَ لَهُۥ أَندَادًا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ 10.  وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ مِنْ فَوْقِهَا وَبَارَكَ فِيهَا وَقَدَّرَ فِيهَا أَقْوَاتَهَا فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَيَّامٍ سَوَىٰ لِلسَّائِلِينَ 11.  ثُمَ...
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The Natural Laws Manifest Divine Programming

By Sajid Mahmood Ansari
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In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The Natural Laws Manifest Divine Programming Introduction Modern science is built upon one of the most remarkable assumptions about reality: the universe is intelligible because it operates according to consistent laws . Gravity behaves according to recognizable mathematical relationships; electromagnetic phenomena follow precise rules; matter interacts according to reproducible physical and chemical principles; biological organisms function through extraordinarily complex systems; and celestial bodies move according to predictable patterns. Science does not create these laws. It discovers, describes, and mathematically formulates the regularities already present in nature. This raises a deeper philosophical question: Why does the universe possess laws at all? Why is nature orderly, measurable, mathematically intelligible, and sufficiently stable for rational beings to discover its structure? From the Islamic perspective, t...
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Lebanon: The Politics of Demography

By Sajid Mahmood Ansari
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In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Lebanon's demographic structure is essential for understanding its politics—and especially the growing sense among many Lebanese Sunnis that they have become politically weaker and economically marginalized despite being one of the country's largest communities . Lebanon's total population is approximately 5.9 million people in 2026 . 2025: 5,849,421 — World Bank estimate. ( World Bank Open Data ) 2026 (mid-year UN estimate): approximately 5,897,467 , or 5.90 million . ( Worldometer ) So, for our demographic analysis, ~5.9 million is the appropriate current figure. But there is an important distinction This 5.9 million is the total resident population , not the number of Lebanese citizens. It includes non-citizens, including a substantial Syrian refugee population and Palestinians. That distinction is crucial when discussing Lebanon's sectarian demographics . Lebanon has not conducted an official populati...
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The Kingdom of Saba: Arabia's Greatest Ancient Civilization

By Sajid Mahmood Ansari
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In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The Kingdom of Saba: Arabia's Greatest Ancient Civilization Introduction The Kingdom of Saba (biblical Sheba ; Arabic: سبأ ) was one of the most prosperous and influential civilizations of the ancient Near East. Centered in present-day Yemen , with its capital at Ma'rib , Saba flourished through its mastery of irrigation, international commerce, monumental architecture, and centralized administration. For centuries, it controlled the lucrative trade in frankincense and myrrh, linking southern Arabia with the Mediterranean, Mesopotamia, East Africa, and the Indian Ocean. While the Kingdom of Saba is well known through the Biblical account of the Queen of Sheba and the Qur'anic narratives in Surahs Saba' and Al-Naml , archaeology has firmly established that Saba was a historical kingdom whose achievements rivaled those of many contemporary civilizations. Thousands of inscriptions, magnificent temples, extens...
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The Intelligent Universe and Panpsychism

By Sajid Mahmood Ansari
In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The concept of an  Intelligent Universe  suggests that the cosmos is not just a passive, mechanical system but an evolving, self-organizing entity capable of processing information, much like a vast neural network. Proponents of this idea argue that the universe exhibits intelligence through its finely tuned physical laws, complex cosmic web structures, and adaptive feedback mechanisms, much like a living organism. Some theories, such as  panpsychism  and  biocentrism , propose that consciousness is a fundamental aspect of reality, implying that intelligence is embedded at all levels of the cosmos. Whether through quantum information theory, self-regulating cosmic processes, or the mysterious interconnectedness of space-time, the notion of an Intelligent Universe challenges our understanding of existence, hinting at a deeper order beyond mere randomness. The Qur’an and the Intelligent Universe Allah ...
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Distinctive Aspects of Islam

By Sajid Mahmood Ansari
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In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. This article delves into the distinctive aspects of Islam, highlighting its foundational beliefs, rituals, moral codes, and cultural impact. Islam, one of the world’s major monotheistic religions, stands out with its unique beliefs, practices, and cultural influences. Founded in the 7th century in the Arabian Peninsula by the Prophet Muhammad, Islam offers a comprehensive life encompassing spiritual, social, economic, and political aspects. This article delves into the distinctive aspects of Islam, highlighting its foundational beliefs, rituals, moral codes, and cultural impact. Core Beliefs Monotheism (Tawhid) : The cornerstone of Islamic belief is the oneness of God, known as Tawhid. Muslims believe in a single, all-powerful, and compassionate God, Allah, who is the creator and sustainer of the universe. This belief rejects any form of polytheism or association of partners with Allah. Prophethood (Nubuwwah) : Muslims beli...
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Origin of Pashtuns

By Sajid Mahmood Ansari
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In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Abstract A  Pashtun  (also spelled  Pakhtun ) can be defined from  ethnic ,  linguistic , and  cultural  perspectives: Ethnically: Pashtuns are an  Indo-Iranian ethnic group  indigenous to the region historically known as  Afghanistan  and the adjoining areas of  western Pakistan  (especially Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, northern Balochistan, and parts of Punjab). They are regarded as the  native inhabitants of southeastern Afghanistan , particularly around  Paktia, Paktika, and Ghazni , from where they expanded eastward and southward. Linguistically: They speak  Pashto , an Eastern Iranian language of the Indo-European family. Pashto has several dialects, broadly classified into  southern (Kandahari)  and  northern (Yousafzai)  groups. Culturally: Pashtun identity is deeply rooted in  Pashtunwali , an ancient code of honour and c...
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Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah: Objectives of Islamic Law

By Sajid Mahmood Ansari
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In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah: Objectives of Islamic Law Introduction Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, literally meaning “objectives of Islamic law,” represents a fundamental concept in Islamic jurisprudence that seeks to identify the higher goals underlying Shariah rulings. Rather than focusing solely on the literal compliance with legal prescriptions, the maqāṣid approach emphasizes the wisdom, public welfare, and moral objectives that Islamic law aims to achieve. Classical and contemporary scholars alike have highlighted that understanding maqāṣid is crucial for interpreting the law in a way that preserves justice, protects society, and accommodates changing circumstances while remaining faithful to the principles of the Qur’an and Sunnah. Historical Development The concept of maqāṣid can be traced back to early Islamic scholarship. Scholars of the classical period, such as Al-Juwayni (d. 1085 CE) and Al-Ghazālī (d. 1111 CE) , first articula...
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